Шариковые и роликовые подшипники изготавливаются из различных материалов. При использовании подшипников выбор правильного материала подшипника может значительно оптимизировать производительность подшипника и продлить срок его службы. В этой технической статье Вон исследует наиболее часто используемые материалы. Подшипниковая сталь и рассказывает, как выбрать, надеюсь, это вам поможет.

1. Хромистая сталь SAE 52100. Эта подшипниковая сталь является наиболее распространенным материалом для несущих компонентов прецизионных шарикоподшипников, роликоподшипников и конических роликоподшипников. Эта сталь имеет высокое содержание углерода и примерно 1,5% хрома. С помощью методов контролируемой механической обработки и термообработки инженеры создают готовые компоненты подшипников, которые достаточно прочны, чтобы противостоять растрескиванию и достаточно устойчивы к контактной усталости при качении под поверхностью подшипника.

2. Ultra-clean 52100 chromium steel. The raw steel used to produce high-precision microbearings is processed through an additional smelting step to produce a steel with a uniform fine-grained material structure, ultra-clean 52100 chromium steel, which makes the bearing contact surface extremely Smooth and therefore very quiet in operation. In addition, chromium steel can be hardened and heat treated in a temperature-controlled gas furnace to produce bearings that can operate at continuous temperatures up to 120°C.

3. Bearings are made of stainless steel. Stainless steel is a very commonly used steel. Chromium is added to the steel. Chromium reacts with oxygen to form a layer of chromium oxide on the surface. This substance has stable chemical properties and provides good protection for the steel in it. Bearings are added with stainless steel. Nickel has a higher chromium content (about 18%) and is therefore more resistant to surface corrosion.

4. Martensitic (AISI 440C) stainless steel. The carbon content in 400 series stainless steel is high enough to be hardened using standard heat treatments up to Rc58, and at lower hardness, bearings made from this material have a load carrying capacity that is 20% lower than 52100 chromium steel bearings. It is important to note that this steel is magnetic due to the carbon content.

5. Martensitic (ACD34/KS440/X65Cr13) stainless steel. Many small bearing manufacturers use stainless steel materials to make bearing rings and bearing balls. Its carbon and chromium content is slightly lower than AISI 440C. Its names include ACD34, KS440 and X65Cr13. This material has smaller carbides after heat treatment, so The bearings will have excellent low noise characteristics while providing the same corrosion resistance as 440C.

Martensitic stainless steel can be modified by reducing the carbon content during raw steel processing and introducing nitrogen as an alloying element. Nitrogen increases the saturation of chromium, and the chromium is converted into chromium nitride instead of chromium carbide. The result is an excellent microstructure High-strength, high-hardness steel that can extend fatigue life by 100% (i.e. double service life) in some applications.

6. Austenitic (AISI 316) stainless steel. Bearing components made from 300 series stainless steel materials have higher corrosion resistance and are non-magnetic due to their low carbon content, however, this material cannot be hardened so the bearings can only operate at low loads and speeds.

7. Other 300 series stainless steel used for bearing accessories. Bearing shields, sealing washers and cages are sometimes made from AISI 303 or AISI 304 stainless steel, which have moderate corrosion resistance and higher plasticity, making them more suitable for being formed into a variety of shapes.

2024-02-01